How can the film and television industry plagiarism become a rat crossing the street distinguish, pay tribute, learn from and plagiarize?

nowadays, when plagiarism in the film and television circle becomes a street mouse, it is all the more necessary to distinguish between salute, reference and plagiarism. How far is the distance between salutation, reference and plagiarism?

A comedy film "is it over" starring Golden Horse actor Fan Wei was released recently. The story is inspired by the American film Groundhog Day, and the core of the story is original, focusing on a Chinese-style midlife crisis.

it is very common in Chinese and foreign film circles to pay tribute to or learn from other films in one film. According to incomplete statistics, the classic film the Wizard of Oz has been honored more than 500 times so far. There are many ways to pay tribute, either by applying the names, images and lines of the characters, or by using similar or even the same props, or by using the shots, composition, and scene scheduling of other films, or by playing clips of other films in the form of watching movies by the protagonists in a film. The most direct is probably a direct remake of the film you want to pay tribute to. Among the Chinese filmmakers, Zhou Xingchi and Jiang Wen all have great attainments in this area and have formed a personalized film aesthetics.

nowadays, when plagiarism in the film and television circle becomes a street mouse, it is all the more necessary to distinguish between salute, reference and plagiarism. How far is the distance between salutation, reference and plagiarism?

< strong > salutation is not plagiarism. < / strong >

it is generally believed in the industry that borrowing and salutation are by no means plagiarism, and there are essential differences between them. "the homers want the audience to know the provenance, and only if they know the provenance, the audience will understand the beauty of it, while the plagiarist is just the opposite." Zhou Liming, a well-known film critic, said, "plagiarism refers to a large amount of misappropriation of story content and character relationships, which is the case in several recent cases of plagiarism in films and TV dramas sentenced by law."

in Zhou Liming's view, the structural form of a film is inspired by other films, which belongs to borrowing, or borrowing. For example, in the Spring Festival release in 2017, director Han Han made it clear that the film was inspired by films such as "New Brothers" and "back to the Future", as well as the reference from "Groundhog Day". This situation is also common in Hollywood, where the film industry is quite mature, as long as it is stated that it is "inspired by a movie". The so-called salute, vividly explained, is to take off the hat to salute the meaning of respect, extended to a film in the content, details of the use of other films. A typical example is the film "one step away" directed by Jiang Wen, which obviously pays tribute to the classic film "the Godfather" at the beginning of the film, which pays tribute to dozens of previous works. However, no one accused "braving the wind and waves" and "one step away" of plagiarism because their spiritual core bears a strong brand of Han Han and Jiang Wen.

Young screenwriter Feng Yuanliang uses a vivid metaphor to describe the phenomenon of salutation or reference: "it's like writing a love letter to your lover, and the words and allusions you use are used by others. You don't have to apologize to the legendary character maker Changjie for using Chinese characters. However, your feelings for your lover belong to you alone. "

there are some common narrative techniques and patterns, which have almost become a type because they are used too much. "for example, in Charlotte annoyance, which once caused a stir, the protagonist mistakenly goes back to the past, resulting in a series of stories and feelings of narration is a common type, even if the creator has not seen a particular movie. It's not hard to think of this way of narration." Zhou Liming said that such things should be regarded as references or salutes.

< strong > tribute brings unique aesthetic experience < / strong >

for moviegoers, it is a kind of fun to find references or salutes from a movie, just like detectives looking for clues and scrutinizing the case, aesthetic pleasure naturally occurs when the Truth is revealed. "I like to find out where in a movie to salute or learn from other movies. When I encounter a favorite movie, I also search the Internet for posts organized by the movie 'Gods' to see if I have found all the points I have found." This is what a fan the reporter met in Douban Movie said.

indeed, it is found that the reference or tribute in the film needs to have a considerable amount of reading and keen vision, therefore, from the perspective of the audience, looking for reference or tribute belongs to the fan culture of the small circle. For creators, if the means of tribute are used properly, they can form their own unique way of expression and bring unique aesthetic experience to the audience. A typical example of this is Zhou Xingchi and his works with unique style. Even if you don't know which films Stephen Chow honored in his works, these works can still be amazing.

Ye Kuangzheng, a poet and cultural scholar, appreciates Zhou Xingchi very much. In Ye Kuangzheng's view, Zhou Xingchi is a first-class master among Chinese filmmakers, and in many of his works, "Kung Fu" can be called the best use of salutation. Not only at the level of detail, lines such as "the greater the ability, the greater the responsibility" pay homage to classic movies such as Spider-Man, while A Xing's topless and black trousers pay homage to Bruce Lee in the Battle of the Dragon and the Tiger. Ye Kuangzheng believes that Kung Fu pays tribute to the older generation of martial arts films in terms of overall spirit and style, and achieves a classic with Zhou Xingchi's unique strong irony, distinct sense of expression and deep connection with popular culture. In the case of Zhou Xingchi, reference and tribute already have the significance and value of methodology.

< strong > borrowing and salutation is a double-edged sword < / strong >

Zhou Liming said that a young filmmaker once came to him and happily shared his latest original idea with him. After hearing this, Zhou Liming said that similar ideas have actually been thought of and used before. When the world film has developed for more than a hundred years, the highly mature industrial production process makes the global film production increasing day by day, and the possibility of producing a "new work" in an absolute sense and brewing an idea that has nothing to do with any other work is already very small, and it is very difficult to get rid of certain story motifs and plot routines. Therefore, appropriate reference is inevitable, salutation may be the norm, the audience and the industry do not need to be too sensitive to it.

Feng Yuanliang believes that it is good to learn and learn from others at the technical level, especially for inexperienced young filmmakers. "everyone's creation cannot come out of thin air. Learning and accumulation are very important." Feng Yuanliang said, "of course, the core of the work must be its own, and the core creativity must misappropriate others, which must belong to plagiarism." In the final analysis, moderation is the most important thing, no matter paying tribute or drawing lessons from it.

Ye Kuangzheng also suggested that although absolute innovation is almost impossible, we should be very cautious in using reference and tribute as the main creative methods for large-scale use. "the criterion to measure the success of reference and tribute should depend on whether it has realized the enrichment or even transcendence of the previous works, dialogue with the tradition in the works, and produce new emotional and aesthetic experiences. Only in this way can reference and tribute be truly productive. " Ye Kuangzheng said.

Edit: yvette