There are about 5000 talent gaps every year. What puzzles the cultivation of online literature talents?

with the development of network literature and art, there are many possibilities, but there is no precedent. How to learn from the potential laws of many related industries and cultivate talents who adapt to their own industries is an important issue for network literature.

since the development of network literature and art, there are many possibilities, but there is no precedent. How to learn from the potential laws of many related industries and cultivate talents who adapt to their own industries is an important issue for network literature. Recently, the reporter attended the relevant forum of the first China "Network Literature +" Conference and interviewed industry experts to report on the issue.

< strong > there is a shortfall of about 5000 talents every year < / strong >

< strong > but there is no specialized talent training unit < / strong >

the rapid development of Chinese network literature in the past 20 years has become a unique cultural phenomenon. By the end of 2016, the number of users of Chinese online literature had reached 353 million, the total number of works reached more than 1400 million, and the number of updated words per day exceeded 150 million words. In the past two years, the rise of the IP market has expanded the influence of network literature from words to video, games, comics and other forms of expression. After a number of excellent network literary works accumulated in the past two decades have been adapted into movies and TV dramas, they have achieved considerable social and market benefits.

however, behind the rapid development of network literature, many hidden problems can not be ignored. Wang Yefei, deputy director of the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Press, publication, Radio, Film and Television, raised several major problems: the homogenization of works is serious, and the level of employees needs to be improved. the main body of the market is intermingled with the good and the bad, imperfect management rules, imperfect market supervision, and so on. These problems will not be particularly prominent in the period of barbaric growth and natural development of network literature, but as network literature has gradually entered into large-scale marketization and internationalization in the past two years, network literature writers and works are endowed with more social value, market value and even participate in the "going out" of Chinese culture. In such an era, if many problems of network literature are not solved, it will inevitably hinder the healthy development of network literature.

on June 27, 2017, the State Administration of Press, publication, Radio, Film and Television issued the trial measures for the Evaluation of Social benefits of Network Literature Publishing Service Units. It puts forward requirements for network literature in many aspects, such as publication quality, communication ability, content innovation, system construction, social and cultural influence, and so on.

for the prosperity of a literary style, there must be a large number of works to be read and consumed. The current online writing is favored by writers because of its free writing and easy push "low threshold". Zhang Jian, a specially appointed researcher at the Institute of Vocational Education Center of the Ministry of Education, believes that there are tens of thousands of contracted authors on various websites, and the convenient way to publish makes literature enter the era of national carnival. He Junke, member of the standing Committee of the CPPCC National Committee, said in a group discussion of the standing Committee of the CPPCC National Committee: "an army of grassroots literary and artistic creation is growing up among hundreds of millions of 'network indigenous' youth." At present, there is a shortage of talents in digital publishing, network literature editing and creative writing. There are nearly 100 literary websites and digital publishing enterprises across the country, but there is not a single specialized talent training unit, and there is nothing to talk about about talent construction. the annual talent gap of the whole industry is about 5000, which is extremely asymmetric with the development needs of the industry.

talents are the basis of industrial development. For the network literature industry, cultivating senior talents with good social values, profound cultural literacy and academic foundation, familiar with industrial laws and regulations and market laws, and global cultural vision is an important demand of the network literature industry. For the healthy development of the industry, it is necessary to face the predicament of personnel training.

< strong > students "understand" more than teachers < / strong >

< strong > online articles form an independent comment system < / strong >

early online writers are basically in a state of spontaneous growth. Between 2004 and 2006, online talents were guided by data and market winds. With the advent of the era of VIP payment, readers began to "vote with their feet". Writers are the first main force in innovation and market development. Therefore, after 2006, receiving training has become the active demand of the author.

therefore, on the one hand, the Writers' Association opens up official resources. In 2009, Lu Xun College of Literature opened a training course on network literature. On the other hand, colleges and universities start professional training. The network literature research team of Central South University is the earliest academic group to carry out the study of network literature in China. Professor Ouyang Youquan, the leader of the team, is the pioneer and leader in the study of network literature in China. The team has been involved in the field of network literature research since 1999, began to publish papers in 2000, established the "Network Literature Research Base", a key social science research base of Hunan Province in 2004, and set up Hunan Province and the National Network Literature Research Association in 2012 and 2013. become the president and secretariat unit of these two societies.

Shao Yanjun, who graduated from Peking University in 2003, founded the "Peking University Review Forum" in 2004. In 2010, he began to turn to the study of online literature. In 2011, he opened a course on online literature in the Chinese Department of Peking University, relying on elective courses to explore the research methods and teaching model of online literature. Shao Yanjun once said that around 2010, she turned her attention to online literature. At this time, the network literature has been very powerful after more than a decade of rapid development, the reader is close to 200 million, the author claims to be one million. According to the estimates of people in the industry, the comparison of the strength of network literature and periodical literature at that time was about a hundred times that of authors and a thousand times that of readers. Moreover, in the ten years of development, network literature has formed a set of independent "production-sharing-comment" system, forming a colorful "fan" tribal culture. Even so, when she decided to turn to the study of online literature, many people were surprised, puzzled, and even thought it was a betrayal.

"the first online literature research course in Peking University is indeed an academic adventure. Because, for the object we want to study, all the students who choose courses know more than me as a teacher. They understand, but they dare not say. In their reading experience, reading online novels has always been an unprofessional thing, especially in the Chinese department, under the pressure of the classics, it is not on the table. I said to the students: let's put aside all the golden rules and go back to the heart of a simple reader. With my encouragement and encouragement, the students came up with their hidden favorite. They brought me a lot of surprises. " In this way, Shao Yanjun has been engaged in online literature research, recruited the first master's degree in entrepreneurial writing in 2014, and launched the elective course "Network Literature Research and creation".

< strong > the domestic demand of professional online writers < / strong >

< strong > is in urgent need of a higher level of academic education < / strong >

in October 2013, under the guidance of the Chinese Writers Association and the 17K online literature website, a "network literature university" with non-academic qualifications education was established, and Mo Yan was appointed honorary president. In Zhang Jian's view, this is a landmark event for the development of Chinese network literature. It makes the network literature step into the process of "professionalization" and the track of systematic training from the spontaneous creation stage. But after all, this kind of non-experienced public welfare school has limited appeal. On December 25, 2013, Shanda Literature and Shanghai Institute of Visual Arts announced the joint establishment of "the first undergraduate major of online literature in China", making the academic education of online literature writing a reality. The first enrollment quota is only 30, but it has attracted more than 3000 candidates to come for an interview, which shows that the demand is hot. In 2014, the Chinese Department of Peking University began to recruit a two-year master's degree in creative writing, and gradually brought the training of online literature writing talents into the "high-end" realm.

it is worth emphasizing that Wu Changqing, secretary-general of the New Media Literature Committee of the China Contemporary Literature Research Association and editor-in-chief of the Love Reading Literature Network, as a promoter and practitioner of early involvement in the field of network literature talent training, spare no effort to promote this work. Beijing Zhida Sanjiang Network Education and Technology Co., Ltd. has signed a contract with Sanjiang College, Hezhou College, Xuzhou Vocational and Technical College of Biological Engineering to set up the undergraduate specialty of "Digital Publishing and Network Literature Editing and Writing". And wrote the textbook "introduction to Network Literature creation and Research". Wu Changqing said that taking the network literature as an independent research object, it breaks through the traditional media relationship research macroscopically, and takes the specific text as the research object microscopically, "based on text differences and paying attention to comparison and comparison".

on July 13, 2017, at the Seventh Digital Publishing Expo, the Beijing National Digital Publishing Base and the university alliance led by Beijing Printing Institute signed a strategic agreement on the co-construction of "Digital Publishing Talent training Base". On this basis, Beijing National Digital Publishing Base and Beijing Printing Institute jointly prepared the "Advanced Workshop on Digital Publishing and Network Literature". The seminar is for senior practitioners of network literature and related industries, such as managers, editors, business, writers and so on. It is taught by on-the-job graduate students with a two-year academic system and can apply for a master's degree. It can be predicted that with the follow-up and replacement of this kind of shortage of talents, the development of China's network literature will have a better tomorrow to look forward to.

< strong > Network literature is the concept of multipolarization < / strong >

< strong > personnel training requires cross-border and cross-industry < / strong >

at present, some colleges and universities in China have offered majors such as digital publishing and network literature creative writing, new media literature, network and new media, network literature editing and writing, but this is not enough. To investigate the reason, Zhang Jian analyzed, because the network literature is a multi-polarization concept, all the writing, dissemination, interaction, distribution and profit with the network as the medium all belong to the broad category of network literature. This requires professional development must be open-minded, as far as possible full-caliber docking and covering related majors and ability training. At the same time, professional development should connect with the cultural industry chain derived from network literature. As a concept of large network literature, it is not limited to the creation of network literature itself, it is a field related to the network and other cultural products derived from it. Including scene works, film and television adaptation, generation art, animation, game production and other highly related cultural industry chain.

Wu Changqing believes that, first of all, it is necessary to innovate the training methods of online literature and art talents. Network literature and art is a new style of literature and art, which is not only the product of new technology, but also the most "popular" form of literature and art. The training of network literature and art talents needs to go out of the study, cross-border, cross-industry combination, highlight the theoretical height and strengthen the applied training at the same time. Secondly, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of the standardization system of network literary and art talents. When anything develops to a certain stage, it needs to be theorized and systematized, which is also a basic path explored since the Western Renaissance. In addition, while absorbing and receiving folk literature and art, cultural construction must standardize and guide it, which includes not only the standardization of content, but also the formulation of talent standards. With this system, we can maintain the sustained and healthy development of network literature and art, and maintain the integration of network literature and art with national will and folk consciousness.

while the creators and practitioners of network literature strive to improve their writing level and practical ability, they should actively adapt to the changes in the market, reconstruct the knowledge system, and output excellent works at a higher spiritual level. Wang Haiying, chairman and CEO of Huayun Culture Group, said that Huayun Culture creates a writer brokerage model, that is, empowering content, so as to achieve boutique development and brand building on a large scale, which is also an innovative attempt to train talents in online literature.

Edit: mary